This paper was developed in response to a mandate that grew out of a gathering of ESCR-Net’s Social Movements Working Group in Brazil in 2010, where participants called on the Network to explore ways to reinforce and advance efforts to strengthen an international recognition of human rights to lands and territories. It highlights several issues that are currently being explored by the human rights community with regards to land and explores some possible approaches going forward. With a particular focus on the need to understand and elevate the demands of social movements, the paper recommends some principles to guide work toward a collaborative human rights agenda on land.